Monitoring changes in cognitive functions in HIV-infected individuals participating in regular cognitive training
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2686-9527-2026-8-2-276-286Keywords:
cognitive rehabilitation, cognitive training, HIV infection, multimorbidity, personalized approach, indicators of cognitive rehabilitation progressAbstract
Introduction. The development of cognitive rehabilitation for people living with HIV (PLHIV) is of great importance in overcoming the social, medical, and economic consequences of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. One effective technology for countering cognitive decline is group cognitive training. This study used test exercises to monitor changes in cognitive functions in HIV-infected individuals who regularly and for a long term participated in cognitive training, with the aim of identifying exercises that can serve as indicators of improvement.
Materials and Methods. The study analyzed the performance of 14 HIV-infected individuals (11 female) with mild to moderate cognitive impairments who participated in group cognitive training. Changes in performance were evaluated across four test exercises: 20-Word Memory, Verbal Fluency, Number Placement, and the Münsterberg test. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 24. The Wilcoxon test for two related samples was used to compare the scores. Indicators of cognitive rehabilitation progress were determined based on significant differences in mean scores between the first five trials and subsequent five trials.
Results. Participants demonstrated a statistically significant increase in mean scores from the first to the second training series during the Münsterberg test (p < 0.01) and Verbal Fluency (p < 0.05). Improved performance in these exercises indicates improved speech functions, serving as an indicator of cognitive recovery. Participants also showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the mean number of errors in the Number Placement exercise, At the trend level, a decrease in errors was observed in the 20-Word Memory task. The decrease in errors across tasks suggests an improvement in voluntary attention, reflecting cognitive recovery.
Conclusion. Monitoring the performance of HIV-infected individuals using Verbal Fluency, the Münsterberg test, Number Placement, and 20-Word Memory exercises allows for an objective assessment of cognitive recovery potential and facilitates discussions with participants regarding their personal progress in cognitive rehabilitation.
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