The mother — father — fetus triad and prenatal triad relationships in anticipation of a child: Pro et contra
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2686-9527-2025-7-1-7-20Keywords:
triad, fetus, prenatal triadic relationships, anticipatory image of the child, ideas about parenthood, prenatal attachmentAbstract
Introduction. This article presents an overview of domestic and foreign studies emphasizing the relationship between several theoretical constructs. At the core is the construct of ‘prenatal triad relationships’, which we used to reveal the concept of ‘anticipated image of a child’ and the mechanisms of prenatal attachment and ideas about parenting.
Materials and Methods. We analyzed 87 sources published in the RSCI, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, MedLine, Web of Science, Crossref, Science Direct and Tailor & Francis databases whose keywords reflected the functioning of the mother — father — fetus triad and the specifics of prenatal triad relationships. Of these, 40 publications are directly cited in this article.
Results. Our review consistently focuses on the mother — father — fetus triad and the triad relationships of its participants. We also discuss the asymmetry, asynchrony and unevenness of the triad participants’ contribution. In particular, the woman forms a dyad with the fetus earlier than her partner, while the man is included in it from the second half of pregnancy, experiencing a greater number of barriers on the way to establishing the father — fetus connection. The future child is represented by the partners’ subjective expectations and ideas. Prenatal triadic relationships are triggered by cognitive schemes of the anticipated image of the child and idealized ideas about parenthood, tied to cultural, social and subjective-personal determination. The development of prenatal triad relationships is explained by attachment theory: future parents experience prenatal attachment to the fetus and transfer it to postnatal relationships.
Conclusions. Triad relationships at the stage of transition to parenthood are integrated into the mother — father — fetus system based on cognitive anticipation and prenatal attachment mechanisms. Prenatal triad relationships may predict partners’ postnatal behavior. Empirical study of triadic relationships serves to enrich our understanding of prenatal mental health and well-being.
References
ЛИТЕРАТУРА
Абдулаева, А. М., Коргожа, М. А. (2024) Материнская позиция женщин, воспитывающих одного ребенка и двойню раннего возраста: обзор отечественных и зарубежных исследований. Психология человека в образовании, т. 6, № 1, с. 18–32. https://www.doi.org/10.33910/2686-9527-2024-6-1-18-32
Айвазян, Е. Б. (2008) Развитие телесного и эмоционального опыта женщины в период беременности. Перинатальная психология и психология родительства, № 2, с. 93–110.
Бандура, А. (2000) Теория социального научения. СПб.: Евразия, 320 с.
Баринова, Е. С., Васягина, Н. Н. (2021) Семейное самосознание мужчины: структурно-содержательный контекст. Екатеринбург: Изд-во Уральского государственного педагогического университета, 206 с.
Борисенко, Ю. В. (2020) Становление психологической готовности к отцовству: психолого-педагогический контекст и технологии сопровождения. Кемерово: Кузбассвузиздат, 632 с.
Боровикова, Н. В. (2005) Синдром беременности. В кн.: А. Н. Васина (ред.). Хрестоматия по перинатальной психологии: психология беременности, родов и послеродового периода. М.: Изд-во Университета Российской академии образования, с. 6–11.
Боулби, Д. (2003) Привязанность. М.: Гардарики, 447 с.
Выготский, Л. С. (1984) Собрание сочинений: в 6 т. Т. 4. Детская психология. М.: Педагогика, 432 c.
Добряков, И. В. (2010) Перинатальная психология. СПб.: Питер, 272 с.
Дольто, К. (2008) На путях рождения: о гаптономическом сопровождении человека. 3-е изд. Ижевск: ERGO, 187 с.
Заманаева, Ю. В. (2020) Психодиагностическая методика «Пренатальный контакт»: структура, психодиагностические возможности. Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Психология, т. 10, вып. 3, с. 303–322. EDN: HNXIRC
Золотова, И. А. (2021) Исследование особенностей психологического компонента гестационной доминанты как индикатора формирования дисфункциональных отношений в системе «мать — дитя» у женщин различных возрастных категорий. Вестник Костромского государственного университета. Серия: Педагогика. Психология. Социокинетика, т. 27, № 2, с. 135–142. EDN: ONDZLJ
Клочко, В. Е. (2005) Самоорганизация в психологических системах: проблемы становления ментального пространства личности. Томск: Изд-во Томского государственного университета, 174 с.
Ковалева, Ю. В. Сергиенко, Е. А. (2007) Контроль поведения при различном течении беременности. Психологический журнал, т. 28, № 1, с. 70–82. EDN: HYKJOZ
Одинцова, О. Ю., Мисиюк, Ю. В. (2022) Трансформации современного родительства: психологические аспекты. Кострома: Костромской государственный университет, 240 с.
Позняков, В. П., Соснин, В. А. (1999) Психология малых групп. В кн.: В. Н. Дружинин (ред.). Современная психология: справочное руководство. М.: Инфра-М, с. 524–539.
Савенышева, С. С. (2017) Факторы удовлетворенности браком в период после рождения ребенка: анализ зарубежных исследований. Психологические исследования, т. 10, № 51, с. 6–12. https://doi.org/10.54359/ps.v10i51.405
Савенышева, С. С., Савина, Е. М. (2018) Отношение к ребенку в пренатальный период его развития у мужчин в связи с супружескими отношениями. Проблемы современного педагогического образования, № 58-3, с. 343–346. EDN: YSTYXF
Савенышева, С. С., Аникина, В. О., Блох, М. Е. (2022) Перевод и адаптация методики «Пренатальная привязанность матери к ребенку» (MAAS). Консультативная психология и психотерапия, т. 30, № 3, с. 92–111. https://doi.org/10.17759/cpp.2022300306
Савенышева, С. С., Шумик, А. Р., Иманалиева, Г. Ф. (2019) Привязанность отца к ребенку до и после его рождения. Проблемы современного педагогического образования, № 62-3, с. 300–302. EDN: YYJLCP
Савина, Е. М. (2017) Система значимых отношений в семьях, ожидающих рождения ребенка. Мир науки, т. 5, № 6. [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://mir-nauki.com/PDF/19PSMN617.pdf (дата обращения 20.07.2024).
Сидоренко, В. Н., Аринчина, Н. Г. (2019) Партнерская поддержка как профилактика осложнений во время беременности и в родах. Медицинские новости, № 4 (295), с. 17–20. EDN: MONHWV
Слободчиков, В. И., Исаев, Е. И. (1995) Психология человека: введение в психологию субъективности. М.: Школа-Пресс, 384 с.
Смирнова, Е. О., Трушкина, С. В. (2011) Варианты нормативных моделей материнства у современных женщин. В кн.: В. С. Собкин (ред.). Социология образования. Труды по социологии образования. Серия «Социокультурные проблемы современного образования». Т. 15. Вып. 26. М.: Институт социологии образования РАО, с. 122–134.
Трушкина, С. В. (2023) Сравнительный анализ подходов Л. С. Выготского и Дж. Боулби к развитию ребенка на первом году жизни. Культурно-историческая психология, т. 19, № 3, с. 39–46. https://doi.org/10.17759/chp.2023190305
Филиппова, Г. Г. (2020) Психология материнства. 2-е изд. М.: Юрайт, 212 с.
Чистякова, Ю. С. (2021) Аксиологические основания формирования внутренней материнской позиции. Известия Российского государственного педагогического университета им. А. И. Герцена, № 199, с. 181–188. https://doi.org/10.33910/1992-6464-2021-199-181-188
Шаповаленко, И. В. (2022) Современное родительство: новые исследовательские подходы. Современная зарубежная психология, т. 11, № 1, с. 58–67. https://doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2022110106
Шмурак, Ю. Б. (1994) Пренатальная психологическая общность. Человек, № 6, с. 24–37.
Altenburger, L. E., Schoppe-Sullivan, S. J., Lang, S. N. et al. (2014) Associations between prenatal coparenting behavior and observed coparenting behavior at 9-months postpartum. Journal of Family Psychology, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000012
Ammaniti, M., Trentini, C., Menozzi, F., Tambelli, R. (2019) Transition to parenthood: Studies of intersubjectivity in mothers and fathers. In: R. N. Emde (ed.). Early parenting and prevention of disorder. Psychoanalytic research at interdisciplinary frontiers. London: Routledge Publ., рр. 129–164. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429474064
Condon, J. T. (1993) The assessment of antenatal emotional attachment: Development of a questionnaire instrument. British Journal of Medical Psychology, vol. 66, no. 2, рp. 167–183. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01739.x
Darwiche, J., Fivaz-Depeursinge, E., Corboz-Warnery, A. (2016) Prenatal intuitive coparenting behaviors. Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 7, article 1662. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01662
Diener, M. L., Goldstein, L. H., Mangelsdorf, S. C. (1995) The role of prenatal expectations in parents’ reports of infant temperament. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 172–190.
Favez, N., Frascarolo, F., Fivaz-Depeursinge, E. (2006) Family alliance stability and change from pregnancy to toddlerhood and marital correlates. Swiss Journal of Psychology, vol. 65, no. 4, рр. 213–220. https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185.65.4.213
Harwood, K., McLean, N., Durkin, K. (2007) First-time mothers’ expectations of parenthood: What happens when optimistic expectations are not matched by later experiences? Developmental Psychology, vol. 43, no. 1, рр. 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.43.1.1
Kuersten-Hogan, R. (2017) Bridging the gap across the transition to coparenthood: Triadic interactions and coparenting representations from pregnancy through 12 months postpartum. Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 8, article 475. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00475
Kuersten-Hogan, R., McHale, J. P. (eds.). (2021) Prenatal family dynamics: Couple and coparenting relationships during and postpregnancy. Cham: Springer Publ., 393 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51988-9
McHale, J. P., Favez, N., Fivaz-Depeursinge, E. (2018) The lausanne trilogue play paradigm: Breaking discoveries in family process and therapy. Journal of Child and Family Studies, vol. 27, no. 10, рр. 3063–3072. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1209-y
Van den Akker, A. L., Majdandzic, M., de Vente, W. et al. (2022) Just as they expected: How parents’ expectations about their unborn child’s characteristics provide a context for early transactions between parenting and child temperament. Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 13, article 942392. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.942392
REFERENCES
Аbdulaeva, A. M., Korgozha, M. A. (2024) Materinskaya pozitsiya zhenshchin, vospityvayushchikh odnogo rebenka i dvojnyu rannego vozrasta: obzor otechestvennykh i zarubezhnykh issledovanij [The maternal position of women raising single or twin infants: A review of Russian and foreign studies]. Psihologiya cheloveka v obrazovanii — Psychology in Education, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 18–32. https://www.doi.org/10.33910/2686-9527-2024-6-1-18-32 (In Russian)
Ajvazyan, E. B. (2008) Razvitie telesnogo i emotsional’nogo opyta zhenshchiny v period beremennosti [Development of physical and emotional experience of a woman during pregnancy]. Perinatal’naya psikhologiya i psikhologiya roditel’stva, no. 2, pp. 93–110. (In Russian)
Altenburger, L. E., Schoppe-Sullivan, S. J., Lang, S. N. et al. (2014) Associations between prenatal coparenting behavior and observed coparenting behavior at 9-months postpartum. Journal of Family Psychology, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000012 (In English)
Ammaniti, M., Trentini, C., Menozzi, F., Tambelli, R. (2019) Transition to parenthood: Studies of intersubjectivity in mothers and fathers. In: R. N. Emde (ed.). Early parenting and prevention of disorder. Psychoanalytic research at interdisciplinary frontiers. London: Routledge Publ., рр. 129–164. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429474064 (In English)
Bandura, A. (2000) Teoriya sotsial’nogo naucheniya [Social Learning Theory]. Saint Petersburg: Eurasia Publ., 320 р. (In Russian)
Barinova, E. S., Vasyagina, N. N. (2021) Semejnoe samosoznanie muzhchiny: strukturno-soderzhatel’nyj kontekst [Family self-awareness of a man: Structural and substantive context]. Ekaterinburg: Ural State Pedagogical University Publ., 206 р. (In Russian)
Borisenko, Yu. V. (2020) Stanovlenie psikhologicheskoj gotovnosti k ottsovstvu: psikhologo-pedagogicheskij kontekst i tekhnologii soprovozhdeniya [Formation of psychological readiness for fatherhood: Psychological and pedagogical context and support technologies]. Kemerovo: Kuzbassvuzizdat Publ., 632 p. (In Russian)
Borovikova, N. V. (2005) Sindrom beremennosti [Pregnancy syndrome]. In: A. N. Vasina (ed.). Khrestomatiya po perinatal’noj psikhologii: psikhologiya beremennosti, rodov i poslerodovogo perioda [Perinatal psychology reader: Psychology of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period]. Moscow: University of Russian Academy of Education Publ., pp. 6–11. (In Russian)
Bowlby, J. (2003) Privyazannost’ [Attachment]. Moscow: Gardariki Publ., 477 р. (In Russian)
Chistyakova, Yu. S. (2021) Aksiologicheskie osnovaniya formirovaniya vnutrennej materinskoj pozitsii [Axiological bases for the formation of internal maternal position]. Izvestiya Rossijskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta im. A. I. Gertsena — Izvestia: Herzen University Journal of Humanities & Sciences, no. 199, pp. 181– 188. https://doi.org/10.33910/1992-6464-2021-199-181-188 (In Russian)
Condon, J. T. (1993) The assessment of antenatal emotional attachment: Development of a questionnaire instrument. British Journal of Medical Psychology, vol. 66, no. 2, рp. 167–183. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01739.x (In English)
Darwiche, J., Fivaz-Depeursinge, E., Corboz-Warnery, A. (2016) Prenatal intuitive coparenting behaviors. Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 7, article 1662. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01662 (In English)
Diener, M. L., Goldstein, L. H., Mangelsdorf, S. C. (1995) The role of prenatal expectations in parents’ reports of infant temperament. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 172–190. (In English)
Dobryakov, I. V. (2010) Perinatal’naya psikhologiya [Perinatal psychology]. Saint Petersburg: Piter Publ., 272 p. (In Russian)
Dolto, C. (2008) Na putyakh rozhdeniya: o gaptonomicheskom soprovozhdenii cheloveka [On the paths of birth: On the haptonomic accompaniment of man]. 3rd ed. Izhevsk: ERGO Publ., 187 p. (In Russian)
Favez, N., Frascarolo, F., Fivaz-Depeursinge, E. (2006) Family alliance stability and change from pregnancy to toddlerhood and marital correlates. Swiss Journal of Psychology, vol. 65, no. 4, рр. 213–220. https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185.65.4.213 (In English)
Filippova, G. G. (2020) Psikhologiya materinstva [The psychology of motherhood]. 2nd ed. Moscow: Yurajt Publ., 212 р. (In Russian)
Harwood, K., McLean, N., Durkin, K. (2007) First-time mothers’ expectations of parenthood: What happens when optimistic expectations are not matched by later experiences? Developmental Psychology, vol. 43, no. 1, рр. 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.43.1.1 (In English)
Klochko, V. E. (2005) Samoorganizatsiya v psikhologicheskikh sistemakh: problemy stanovleniya mental’nogo prostranstva lichnosti [Self-organization in psychological systems: Problems of formation of the mental space of the individual]. Tomsk: Tomsk State University Publ., 174 p. (In Russian)
Kovaleva, Yu. V., Sergienko, E. A. (2007) Kontrol’ povedeniya pri razlichnom techenii beremennosti [Control of behavior under different flow of pregnancy]. Psikhologicheskij zhurnal — Psychological Journal, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 70–82. (In Russian)
Kuersten-Hogan, R. (2017) Bridging the gap across the transition to coparenthood: Triadic interactions and coparenting representations from pregnancy through 12 months postpartum. Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 8, article 475. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00475 (In English)
Kuersten-Hogan, R., McHale, J. P. (eds.). (2021) Prenatal family dynamics: Couple and coparenting relationships during and postpregnancy. Cham: Springer Publ., 393 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51988-9 (In English)
McHale, J. P., Favez, N., Fivaz-Depeursinge, E. (2018) The lausanne trilogue play paradigm: Breaking discoveries in family process and therapy. Journal of Child and Family Studies, vol. 27, no. 10, рр. 3063–3072. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1209-y (In English)
Odintsova, O. Yu., Misiyuk, Yu. V. (2022) Transformatsii sovremennogo roditel’stva: psikhologicheskie aspekty [Transformations of modern parenting: Psychological aspects]. Kostroma: Kostroma State University Publ., 240 р. (In Russian)
Poznyakov, V. P., Sosnin, V. A. (1999) Psikhologiya malykh grupp [Psychology of small groups]. In: V. N. Druzhinin (ed.). Sovremennaya psikhologiya: spravochnoe rukovodstvo [Modern psychology: A reference guide]. Moscow: Infra-M Publ., pp. 524–539. (In Russian)
Savenysheva, S. S. (2017) Faktory udovletvorennosti brakom v period posle rozhdeniya rebenka: analiz zarubezhnykh issledovanij [Marriage satisfaction factors during the period after childbirth: analysis offoreign studies]. Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya — Psychological Research, vol. 10, no. 51, pp. 6–12. https://doi.org/10.54359/ps.v10i51.405 (In Russian)
Savenysheva, S. S., Savina, E. M. (2018) Otnoshenie k rebenku v prenatal’nyj period ego razvitiya u muzhchin v svyazi s supruzheskimi otnosheniyami [Attitude to the child in the prenatal period of its development in men in connection with the marital relations]. Problemy sovremennogo pedagogicheskogo obrazovaniya — Problems of Modern Pedagogical Education, no. 58-3, pр. 343–346. (In Russian)
Savenysheva, S. S., Anikina, V. O., Blokh, M. E. (2022) Perevod i adaptatsiya metodiki “Prenatal’naya privyazannost’ materi k rebenku” (MAAS) [Translation and adaptation of the inventory “Maternal antenatal attachment scale” (MAAS)]. Konsul’tativnaya psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya — Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 92–111. https://doi.org/10.17759/cpp.2022300306 (In Russian)
Savenysheva, S. S., Shumik, A. R., Imanaliyeva, G. F. (2019) Privyazannost’ ottsa k rebenku do i posle ego rozhdeniya [The influence of paternal prenatal attachment on attachment to the child in the infancy]. Problemy sovremennogo pedagogicheskogo obrazovaniya — Problems of Modern Pedagogical Education, no. 62-3, pp. 300–302. (In Russian)
Savina, E. M. (2017) Sistema znachimykh otnoshenij v sem’yakh, ozhidayushchikh rozhdeniya rebenka [The system of significant relationships in the family expected birth of a child]. Mir nauki, vol. 5, no. 6. [Online]. Available at: https://mir-nauki.com/PDF/19PSMN617.pdf (accessed 20.07.2024). (In Russian)
Shapovalenko, I. V. (2022) Sovremennoe roditel’stvo: novye issledovatel’skie podkhody [Modern parenthood: New research approaches]. Sovremennaya zarubezhnaya psikhologiya — Journal of Modern Foreign Psychology, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 58–67. https://doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2022110106 (In Russian)
Shmurak, Yu. B. (1994) Prenatal’naya psikhologicheskaya obshchnost’ [Prenatal psychological community]. Chelovek, no. 6, pp. 24–37. (In Russian)
Sidorenko, V. N., Arinchina, N. G. (2019) Partnerskaya podderzhka kak profilaktika oslozhnenij vo vremya beremennosti i v rodakh [Birth partnership as prevention of pregnancy and labour complications]. Meditsinskie novosti, no. 4 (295), pp. 17–20. (In Russian)
Slobodchikov, V. I., Isaev, E. I. (1995) Psikhologiya cheloveka: vvedenie v psikhologiyu sub’ektivnosti [Human psychology: Introduction to the psychology of subjectivity]. Moscow: Shkola-Press Publ., 384 p. (In Russian)
Smirnova, E. O., Trushkina, S. V. (2011) Varianty normativnykh modelej materinstva u sovremennykh zhenshchin [Variants of normative models of motherhood in modern women]. In: V. S. Sobkin (ed.). Sotsiologiya obrazovaniya. Trudy po sotsiologii obrazovaniya. Seriya “Sotsiokul’turnye problemy sovremennogo obrazovaniya”. T. 15. Vyp. 26 [Sociology of education. Works on the sociology of education. The series “Socio-cultural problems of modern education”. Vol. 15. Iss. 26]. Moscow: Institute for Sociology of Education of the Russian Academy of Education Publ., pp. 122–134. (In Russian)
Trushkina, S. V. (2023) Sravnitel’nyj analiz podkhodov L. S. Vygotskogo i Dzh. Boulbi k razvitiyu rebenka na pervom godu zhizni [Comparative analysis of approaches to child development by L. S. Vygotsky and G. Bowlby]. Kul’turno-istoricheskaya psikhologiya — Cultural-Historical Psychology, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 39–46. https://doi.org/10.17759/chp.2023190305 (In Russian)
Van den Akker, A. L., Majdandzic, M., de Vente, W. et al. (2022) Just as they expected: How parents’ expectations about their unborn child’s characteristics provide a context for early transactions between parenting and child temperament. Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 13, article 942392. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.942392 (In English)
Vygotsky, L. S. (1984) Sobranie sochinenij: v 6 t. T. 4. Detskaya psikhologiya [The collected works L. S. Vygotsky: In 6 vols. Vol. 4. Child psychology]. Moscow: Pedagogika Publ., 432 p. (In Russian)
Zamanaeva, Ju. V. (2020) Psikhodiagnosticheskaya metodika “Prenatal’nyj kontakt”: struktura, psikhodiagnosticheskie vozmozhnosti [Psychodiagnostic method “Prenatal contact”: Structure, psychodiagnostic opportunities]. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Psikhologiya — Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 303–322. (In Russian)
Zolotova, I. A. (2021) Issledovanie osobennostej psikhologicheskogo komponenta gestatsionnoj dominanty kak indikatora formirovaniya disfunktsional’nykh otnoshenij v sisteme “mat’ — ditya” u zhenshchin razlichnykh vozrastnykh kategorij [The study of the features of the psychological component of gestational dominance as an indicator of the formation of dysfunctional relationships in the “mother — child” system in women of different age categories]. Vestnik Kostromskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Pedagogika. Psikhologiya. Sotsiokinetika — Vestnik of Kostroma State University. Series: Pedagogy. Psychology. Sociokinetics, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 135–142. (In Russian)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Oksana Yu. Odintsova
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The work is provided under the terms of the Public Offer and of Creative Commons public license Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). This license allows an unlimited number of persons to reproduce and share the Licensed Material in all media and formats. Any use of the Licensed Material shall contain an identification of its Creator(s) and must be for non-commercial purposes only.
