Оценка экологической обстановки в регионе как модератор взаимосвязей между жизнеспособностью и качеством жизни студенческой молодежи

Авторы

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33910/2686-9527-2022-4-2-219-235

Ключевые слова:

жизнеспособность, качество жизни, экологическое неблагополучие, молодежь, студенты

Аннотация

Введение. Проблемы жизнеспособности молодежи широко обсуждаются в современных психологических исследованиях, в том числе в контексте анализа факторов риска, в число которых, помимо прочего, входит неблагоприятная экологическая обстановка в регионе проживания, отражающаяся на качестве жизни, связанном со здоровьем. В статье представлены результаты исследования, раскрывающего взаимосвязи между жизнеспособностью и качеством жизни, связанным со здоровьем, молодежи, проживающей в регионах с разной экологической обстановкой.

Материалы и методы. Выборку составили 311 студентов учреждений среднего специального и высшего образования в возрасте 16–20 лет, проживающих в регионах с разной экологической обстановкой. Сбор эмпирических данных осуществлялся с использованием Опросника жизнеспособности детей и молодежи (CYRM-28), Краткого обзора состояния здоровья (SF-20) и анкетирования, в ходе которого респонденты оценивали экологическую обстановку в регионе.

Результаты исследования. В выборке молодых людей, проживающих в условиях экологического неблагополучия, зафиксированы более низкие показатели оценки экологической ситуации в регионе (F = 20,60 при р < 0,001), а также жизнеспособности и ее отдельных компонентов (4,48 ≤ F ≤ 5,71 при р < 0,001), на фоне более высоких показателей физического функционирования при отсутствии значимых различий по другим параметрам качества жизни (F = 5,16 при р < 0,05), в сравнении с выборкой молодых людей, проживающих в условно благополучных с экологической точки зрения регионах. В ходе моделирования структурными уравнениями с использованием путевого анализа (χ2 = 2,98, CFI = 0,995, RMSCA = 0,049) показано, что на жизнеспособность молодежи оказывает прямое влияние показатель текущего восприятия здоровья, а также показатели физического и ролевого функционирования (с противоположными знаками), вклад которых опосредован оценкой экологической ситуации в регионе. Более высокие оценки экологической ситуации усиливают вклад в жизнеспособность показателей ролевого функционирования и при этом смягчают негативное влияние показателей физического функционирования.

Заключение. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при разработке программ психологического сопровождения молодежи, проживающей в экологически неблагополучных регионах, в которых необходимо учитывать тенденцию молодых людей к завышению оценок качества физического функционирования на фоне низких оценок экологического благополучия.

Библиографические ссылки

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20.08.2022

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