A Brief Introduction to Indian Psychology

Abstract

This paper explores the emergence, development, current state and role of Indian psychology, a field rooted in the rich spiritual and philosophical traditions of the Indian subcontinent. Distinct from Western psychological paradigms that often bring individualism and detachment to the fore, Indian psychology focuses on holistic self-awareness and the interconnectedness of all beings, encapsulated in the Vedic principle of Ātmānam viddhi (‘know thyself’). In its evolution, Indian psychology has made a journey from colonial influences to the development of culturally relevant frameworks addressing contemporary mental health challenges. This discipline not only offers profound insights into human behavior but also emphasizes moral and spiritual development and its current global relevance. As we are increasingly facing mental health issues and are in search of a deeper meaning in life, an Indian psychological perspective is becoming essential. By integrating traditional concepts with modern practices, Indian psychology can enhance well-being and promote resilience, making it a vital resource for individuals and communities seeking to navigate the complexities of modern life. Indian psychology has the potential to contribute significantly to global discussions on mental well-being, consciousness, and personal growth, fostering a deeper comprehension of the human psyche, which transcends geographical boundaries and takes into account the cultural dimension. Quite importantly for psychological science, the integration of Indian psychology into global discourse can be instrumental in promoting a more holistic understanding of mental health, the one that respects cultural differences while attending to universal human needs. The article describes the traditions of Indian psychology and the directions taken by Indian psychology researchers in the face of the challenges of today.